The Inscription of Fandigildus

The Inscription of Fandigildus

INSCRIPTION DETAILS

Findspot and Place of Origin

Country
Italy
Region
Veneto
Ancient Region
Regio X Venetia et Histria
City
Concordia Sagittaria
Ancient City

Chronology

Date of the inscription

Date
Second Half of the Fourth Century AD.
Dating criteria
palaeography, onomastics

Autopsy

Institution
Location within museum
set into the wall of the right nave
Date of observation
2024

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

Type
Frontal slab of the sarcophagus.
Material(s)
Limestone.
Execution
Inscribed.
Dimensions
45 × 142 cm
Epigraphic Field
45 × 142 cm
Letters Height
6-7 cm

Palaeographic comment

Dextrograde direction, horizontal alignment, vertical module, irregular ductus, centered layout.

A with a diagonal crossbar, ascending to the right.

G with a long, diagonal bar, descending to the right.

L with the stem and the arm meeting above the baseline, forming an acute angle.

Inscribed front panel of a limestone sarcophagus
The iscription of Fandigildus. Photograph courtesy of the Museo Nazionale Concordiese, Portogruaro; photo by Ortolf Harl (Ubi Erat Lupa). Courtesy of the Ministry of Culture - Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto. Any commercial or for-profit use of these images is strictly prohibited and must be subject to a specific authorization request to the Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto.

INSCRIPTION

INTERPRETATIVE TRANSCRIPTION

Fl(avius) , protector de numero armigerorum, vivo <de> suo arcam sibi coparabit (!). Si qu<i>s il<l>am vol<u>er⸢i⸣t aperire, dabit in fisco auri un(cias) sex et ips(am) arca in eclesie (!) com(men)dav(it).

APPARATUS CRITICUS

1. FANDICIL<V>S, Bertolini 1874a, Bertolini 1874b . 3. CO(M)PARABIT, EDR097745 OLIS, Bertolini 1874a; QIIS, Bertolini 1874b; QVIS, CIL V 8747, Hoffmann 1963, Lettich 1983, EDR097745 . 4. ILLAM, Bertolini 1874a, Bertolini 1874b .

TRANSLATION

Flavius Fandigildus, protector of the numerus of the Armigeri, purchased [this] sarcophagus for himself with his own funds while still alive.

If anyone should wish to open it, they shall pay six (Roman) ounces of gold to the treasury and (Fandigildus) entrusted the sarcophagus itself to the (local) Church.

COMMENTARY

Fandigildus was a protector of the numerus of the Armigeri.

The corps of the protectores, although formally constituting a single unit, was operationally dispersed among frontier commands and the staffs of the magistri militum (Jones 1964, 636); these detached protectores can be identified with the deputati of the Notitia Dignitatum (Jones 1964, 636). After Diocletian, the corps became a practical training school for future commanders, with its members distributed to various staffs as aides-de-camp and staff officers (Grosse 1920, 139).

The deceased fits into this framework as a protector deputatus operationally attached to the Armigeri, most likely the legio comitatensis Armigerorum defensorum seniorum, stationed in Gaul and attested in the Notitia Dignitatum under the command of the Magister Equitum (ND Occ. 5, 227; 7, 80). The identification with the Armigeri propugnatores, a palatine legion stationed in Africa (ND Occ. 5, 151, 156; 7, 142), appears geographically less plausible (Lettich 1983, 74).

The term armiger means "heavily armed" and could indicate a panoply heavier than average for this military unit, although no source explicitly supports this hypothesis.

In his capacity as protector, Fandigildus could likely claim the rank of perfectissimus (Grosse 1920, 143). His presence at Concordia, an important center for recruitment and deployment for the Late Roman army, is well explained by the typical duties of a protector in an operational context: overseeing and escorting recruits to headquarters, rounding up the sons of veterans attempting to evade enlistment, inspecting wagons on the roads, controlling goods in ports, and undertaking special missions on behalf of higher command (Jones 1964, 636-637). It remains an open question whether Fandigildus had been deputed to the Armigeri from the central corps, or if he was a veteran of the unit itself who had been awarded the title while remaining with his detachment—two conditions that the epigraphic titulary alone does not allow us to distinguish.

In addition to the common comminatory formula, Fandigildus entrusts his burial to the local Church, formulating the sermo in dedicatione ecclesiae, which is also present in the inscriptions of Alatancus and Bitorta and of Andia.

PEOPLE

Flavius Fandigildus

NOMEN
Flavius
COGNOMEN
Fandigildus
GENS
Flavia
ORIGIN (of the name Fandigildus)
germanic
GENDER
male
OCCUPATION
soldier
RANK
protector
NUMERUS
Armigeri Defensores Seniores
ROLE
dedicator/deceased

Bibliography

Bertolini 1874a, 26, n. 16.
Bertolini 1874b, 288, nr. 9.
CIL V 8747
ILCV 472
Hoffmann 1963, 33-34, nr. 11.
Lettich 1983, 73-74, nr. 31.
EDR
EDR097745
Author of the record:
Damiana Baldassarra
Date:
25-11-2007