The Inscription of Agustus

The Inscription of Agustus

INSCRIPTION DETAILS

Findspot and Place of Origin

Country
Italy
Region
Veneto
Ancient Region
Regio X Venetia et Histria
City
Concordia Sagittaria
Ancient City

Chronology

Date of the inscription

Date
Second Half of the Fourth Century A.D.
Dating criteria
palaeography, onomastics

Autopsy

Institution
Location within museum
set into the wall of the right nave
Date of observation
2024

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

Type
Lateral panel of the sarcophagus.
Material(s)
Limestone.
Execution
Inscribed.
Dimensions
43 × 107 cm
Epigraphic Field
43 × 107 cm
Letters Height
5-7 cm

Palaeographic comment

Dextrorse direction, horizontal alignment, vertical module, irregular ductus, left-aligned layout.

A occasionally with a broken crossbar.

G without a horizontal bar, featuring a tail that extends below the baseline.

Inscribed front panel of a limestone sarcophagus
The iscription of Agustus. Photograph courtesy of the Museo Nazionale Concordiese, Portogruaro; photo by Ortolf Harl (Ubi Erat Lupa).. Courtesy of the Ministry of Culture - Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto. Any commercial or for-profit use of these images is strictly prohibited and must be subject to a specific authorization request to the Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto.

INSCRIPTION

INTERPRETATIVE TRANSCRIPTION

, de numeru (!) Mattiacoru<m> senioru⸢m⸣, emit sibi de propio (!) suo ar(cam). Si quis eam ape(rire) vo(luerit), da(bi?)t fi(sci) vi(ribus) argen(ti) pon = do cinque (!).

APPARATUS CRITICUS

1. ⸢F⸣L(AVIVS), Lettich 1983 AVGVSTVS, Bertolini 1876a, Bertolini 1877 . 2. SENIORVM, Bertolini 1876a, Bertolini 1877, CIL V 8737, ILCV 553, Hoffmann 1963 . 5. DAT, Bertolini 1876a, Bertolini 1877, CIL V 8737, ILCV 553, Hoffmann 1963 ⸢F⸣I(SCI), Hoffmann 1963, Lettich 1983 .

TRANSLATION

Flavius Agustus, of the numerus of the Mattiaci seniores, purchased the arca for himself with his own funds.

Whosoever should wish to open it shall pay five (Roman) pounds of silver to the resources of the fiscus.

COMMENTARY

Flavius Agustus was a member of the Mattiaci seniores. Since the deceased's military rank is not specified, it is possible to attribute to Agustus the rank of miles, i.e., an ordinary infantry soldier.

The name Agustus appears to be a corruption of the name Augustus due to the dissimilation of the /u/ sound. The spelling Agustus is found in other epigraphs (EDR072961; EDR115142), suggesting it is not merely a stonemason's error. It is highly probable that the spelling Agustus reflected the actual pronunciation of the period; therefore, in this digital edition, it is preferred to retain the form present in the inscription rather than normalizing it.

The sarcophagus of Agustus represents the only burial in the northern section of the necropolis that can be identified with certainty as belonging to a soldier. Agustus may have preceded the massive deployment of the Batavi to Concordia, during a period when the military presence was not yet a dominant phenomenon and soldiers were buried near the road, intermingled with civilians. It is therefore unsurprising that the burials of Dassiolus and Ianuarinus, other members of the Mattiaci, were also located in the northern section, despite their membership in the Mattiaci iuniores and the paleographic features of their inscriptions suggesting a date even earlier than that of Agustus.

The arrangement of the archae suggests that the Mattiaci (both iuniores and seniores) were among the first numeri to be permanently stationed in Concordia. Conversely, the Batavi, whose burials are concentrated near the southern edge, likely reached the colony in a later phase, characterized by a more massive military presence that led to the creation of distinct burial areas for the various units.

PEOPLE

Flavius Agustus

NOMEN
Flavius
COGNOMEN
Agustus
GENS
Flavia
ORIGIN (of the name Agustus)
latin
GENDER
male
OCCUPATION
soldier
RANK
miles
NUMERUS
Mattiaci Seniores
ROLE
dedicator/deceased

Bibliography

Bertolini 1876a, 88, n. 13.
Bertolini 1877, 35, n. 47.
CIL V 8737
ILCV 553
Hoffmann 1963, 44, n. 26.
Lettich 1983, 87-89, n. 46.
EDR
EDR097896
Author of the record:
Damiana Baldassarra
Date:
22-11-2007