The Inscription of Saturninus

The Inscription of Saturninus

INSCRIPTION DETAILS

Findspot and Place of Origin

Country
Italy
Region
Veneto
Ancient Region
Regio X Venetia et Histria
City
Concordia Sagittaria
Ancient City

Chronology

Date of the inscription

Date
Late Fourth Century A.D.
Dating criteria
palaeography, office, rank, or reign, prosopography

Autopsy

Institution
Location within museum
set into the wall of the right nave
Date of observation
2024

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

Type
Panel of the frontal slab of the sarcophagus.
Material(s)
Limestone.
Execution
Inscribed.
Dimensions
42 × 88 cm
Epigraphic Field
33 × 76 cm
Letters Height
2-6 cm

Palaeographic comment

Dextrograde direction, horizontal alignment, vertical module; irregular ductus; triangular interpuncts.

The M is formed by four oblique strokes; the two central strokes intersect on the baseline.

The O is of reduced size.

The R displays a small, square-shaped bowl, with the tail set high in relation to the body of the letter.

Inscribed front panel of a limestone sarcophagus
The iscription of Saturninus. Museo Nazionale Concordiese, Portogruaro; photo by Ortolf Harl (Ubi Erat Lupa). Courtesy of the Ministry of Culture - Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto. Any commercial or for-profit use of these images is strictly prohibited and must be subject to a specific authorization request to the Regional Directorate of National Museums of Veneto.

INSCRIPTION

INTERPRETATIVE TRANSCRIPTION

Sat̂urninus centen = ar(ius) ex off(icio) p[r]aef(ecti) Illir(ici) (!) Dac(iae) Rip(ensis) amici hore (!) sep = ultus

TRANSLATION

Saturninus, centenarius serving in the office of the prefect of Illyricum of Dacia Ripensis, buried for the honour (?) of a friend (?).

COMMENTARY

In this context, the term centenarius does not denote a military rank, but rather a civil official (Hoffmann 1969, 63). The designation originated in the Middle Imperial period to identify a category of officials receiving an annual salary of one hundred thousand sesterces, and it continued to be used even after this monetary unit had fallen into disuse (Lettich 1983, 55).

The prefecture mentioned in the inscription is less clearly identifiable. According to Hoffmann, it cannot refer to the Praetorian Prefecture of Italy, Illyricum, and Africa, since in such a case the abbreviated title would have been praefectus Italiae (Hoffmann 1969, 90), nor to the prefecture of Eastern Illyricum. He instead proposes a short-lived prefecture established when Illyricum was fully incorporated into the pars Orientis, within a chronological framework spanning from 392 to 396 AD (Hoffmann 1969, 90–91).

Hoffmann further argues that officials originating from the Eastern Roman Empire would scarcely have travelled to Italy except in connection with an administrative reorganization following a major historical event, which he identifies as the Battle of the Frigidus, fought in September 394 AD (Hoffmann 1969, 91). Saturninus, therefore, prior to his arrival at Concordia, is likely to have held office in Dacia Ripensis, a territorial division within the prefecture of Illyricum (CIL V, p. 1060).

PEOPLE

Saturninus

COGNOMEN
Saturninus
ORIGIN (of the name Saturninus)
latin
GENDER
male
OCCUPATION
functionary
ROLE
dedicator/deceased

Bibliography

Bertolini 1873a, 61.
Bertolini 1873b, 63-64.
Bertolini 1874a, 21, nr. 2.
Bertolini 1875b, 114, nr. 6.
CIL V 8771
ILS 1962
Lettich 1983, 54-55, nr. 11.
EDR
EDR097919
Author of the record:
Damiana Baldassarra
Date:
29-11-2007